UK set to back industrial spin-offs from research

Opportunity Spin-offs and Necessity Spin-offs

Necessity spin-offs are organized by employees of incumbent firms to escape deteriorating job conditions. This paper proposes a conceptual model of the spin-off process. Necessity spin-offs are distinguished from opportunity spin-offs on the basis of their triggering events. An empirical analysis of German laser spin-offs traces differences in the performance and determinants of the two types o...

Race to Dot.Com and Back: Lessons on E-Business Spin-Offs and Reintegration

Strategic Spin-Offs

When a downstream producer enters backward into the input market, a “helping the rivals” effect exists: such entry hurts the firm’s downstream business as it increases upstream competition and thus reduces the input price for rival downstream firms. This negative externality prevents the newly-created upstream unit from expanding. A spin-off enables the firm to credibly expand in the input mark...

From Polygon Wilson Loops to Spin Chains and Back

Null Polygon Wilson Loops in N = 4 SYM can be computed using the Operator Product Expansion in terms of a transition amplitude on top of a color Flux tube. That picture is valid at any value of the ’t Hooft coupling and is studied here in the planar limit. So far it has been efficiently used at weak coupling in cases where only a single particle is flowing. At any finite value of the coupling h...

Organizational Factors Affecting the Growth and Success of Academic Spin-offs

The present study aimed to identify the organizational factors affecting the growth and success of academic spin-offs. The research was conducted based on a mixed method design and the study population consisted of experts of incubation centers and spin-offs. The participants were selected using purposive sampling in the qualitative part and random stratified sampling in the quantitative part. ...